# 如何去除多余的if else?
- 出现if/else和switch/case的场景
通常业务代码会包含这样的逻辑:每种条件下会有不同的处理逻辑。比如两个数a和b之间可以通过不同的操作符(+,-,*,/)进行计算,初学者通常会这么写:
public int calculate(int a, int b, String operator) {
int result = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
if ("add".equals(operator)) {
result = a + b;
} else if ("multiply".equals(operator)) {
result = a * b;
} else if ("divide".equals(operator)) {
result = a / b;
} else if ("subtract".equals(operator)) {
result = a - b;
}
return result;
}
这种最基础的代码如何重构呢?
- 工厂类
public class OperatorFactory {
static Map<String, Operation> operationMap = new HashMap<>();
static {
operationMap.put("add", new Addition());
operationMap.put("divide", new Division());
// more operators
}
public static Optional<Operation> getOperation(String operator) {
return Optional.ofNullable(operationMap.get(operator));
}
}
- 枚举
public enum Operator {
ADD {
@Override
public int apply(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
},
// other operators
public abstract int apply(int a, int b);
}
- Command模式
public class AddCommand implements Command {
// Instance variables
public AddCommand(int a, int b) {
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
}
@Override
public Integer execute() {
return a + b;
}
}
- 规则引擎
- 定义规则
public interface Rule {
boolean evaluate(Expression expression);
Result getResult();
}
- Add 规则
public class AddRule implements Rule {
@Override
public boolean evaluate(Expression expression) {
boolean evalResult = false;
if (expression.getOperator() == Operator.ADD) {
this.result = expression.getX() + expression.getY();
evalResult = true;
}
return evalResult;
}
}
- 表达式
public class Expression {
private Integer x;
private Integer y;
private Operator operator;
}
- 规则引擎
public class RuleEngine {
private static List<Rule> rules = new ArrayList<>();
static {
rules.add(new AddRule());
}
public Result process(Expression expression) {
Rule rule = rules
.stream()
.filter(r -> r.evaluate(expression))
.findFirst()
.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Expression does not matches any Rule"));
return rule.getResult();
}
}
- 策略模式
- 操作
public interface Opt {
int apply(int a, int b);
}
@Component(value = "addOpt")
public class AddOpt implements Opt {
@Autowired
xxxAddResource resource; // 这里通过Spring框架注入了资源
@Override
public int apply(int a, int b) {
return resource.process(a, b);
}
}
@Component(value = "devideOpt")
public class devideOpt implements Opt {
@Autowired
xxxDivResource resource; // 这里通过Spring框架注入了资源
@Override
public int apply(int a, int b) {
return resource.process(a, b);
}
}
- 策略
@Component
public class OptStrategyContext{
private Map<String, Opt> strategyMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
@Autowired
public OptStrategyContext(Map<String, TalkService> strategyMap) {
this.strategyMap.clear();
this.strategyMap.putAll(strategyMap);
}
public int apply(Sting opt, int a, int b) {
return strategyMap.get(opt).apply(a, b);
}
}
THE END
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